That very traditional lifestyle has now almost entirely disappeared, and there are some challenges in bringing the culinary part of it back. According to Dr Jessica Hutchings, a multi-disciplinary researcher in environmental studies, Māori studies and kaupapa Māori (Māori ideology), "It's all part of ongoing settler colonialism in New Zealand. Because of the Wildlife Act, we have to apply to the Crown to harvest anything because it's all part of conservation estates, yet it's the area where all of our food basket is. We are so disconnected and displaced from our original food systems and our native ingredients."
